Demographic determinism and you may female agency: the fresh remarrying widow reconsidered…once more
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ENDNOTES
1 ‘ London widowhood reviewed: the latest refuse out of women remarriage throughout the 17th and very early eighteenth many years ‘, Continuity https://worldbrides.org/sv/europa/ and change 5 ( 1990 ), 323 –55.CrossRefGoogle Student
step three Wrigley , Age. A. and you will Schofield , R. , The people reputation of The united kingdomt, 1541–1871: a reconstruction ( London , 1981 ), 258 –9Google College student ; Todd , Barbara J. , ‘The latest remarrying widow: a stereotype reconsidered’, in Early in the day , Meters. ed., Ladies in English area, 1500–1800 ( London , 1985 ), 54 – ninety-five .Yahoo College student
4 Brodsky , Vivien , ‘Widows within the later Elizabethan London: reily orientations’, for the Bonfield , L. , Smith , R. and you may Wrightson , K. eds., The world you will find gained ( Oxford , 1986 ), 122 –54.Yahoo Beginner
5 Nor, we would put, did money verify it (anecdotal proof on the other hand), as it is suggested from the Nancy Adamson’s searching for ( ‘Urban family members: the personal context of the London area elite group, 1500–1603′ [unpublished Ph.D. thesis, School regarding Toronto , 1983 ], 188 –90]Google College student , reported by the Steven Rappaport ( Globes in this planets: formations regarding lifestyle during the sixteenth-century London [ Cambridge , 1989 ], 40 )Bing Scholar , that in the afterwards sixteenth century particular 58 % of aldermen’s widows, positively the brand new richest and more than qualified out-of people, failed to remarry.
six Come across Grigg , Susan , ‘ With the a concept off remarriage: an instance examination of Newburyport at the beginning of new 19th century ‘, Diary out-of Interdisciplinary History 8 ( 1977 ), 183 – 220 .CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8 Wilson , Adrian , ‘ Illegitimacy and its own effects in mid-eighteenth-century London: evidence of the Foundling Medical ‘, Continuity and alter 4 ( 1989 ), 136 .CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9 ‘ Home and you may kinship: Ryton about later 16th and you can early seventeenth many years ‘, History Workshop 10 ( 1980 ), forty-two .Yahoo Student
eleven Ibid. Austen’s journal brings insight into a great generational change. Austen herself rejected remarriage because infringing their particular private and you may economic independence along with their particular honour, when you find yourself meanwhile acknowledging that her mom’s remarriage so you can Alderman John Highlord in the early 1640s was element of the foundation to possess her own success (United kingdom Library, Create. MS. 4454, fos. 79v, 93, 93v, 105).
a dozen The fresh petition of your own widows, for the and you may on the London area and you can Westminster for good redress of the problems , repr. Harleian Miscellany 10 ( London , 1810 ), 170 –5.Bing Beginner
fourteen The newest category on the English scene try chatted about really widely by the Linda Woodbridge, in females in addition to English Renaissance: literary works and the character out of womankind, 1540–1620 ( Urbana , 1986 ).Google Student
15 The text concludes ‘we widowes tends to be restored to the previous joyes from the that have plurality from suitors and you may each day hopes of getting good and you will lusty young husbands, into peace and quiet in our regulators and you can rejoycing of our own soules, for ladies (even as we would have all the globe understand) want to real time and you will dye about area from husbands’.
16 With other comparable mock petitions penned within period and you can later, see Smith , H. and you may Cardinale , S. , Feminine therefore the literature of your own seventeenth century: an enthusiastic annotated bibliography ( New york , 1990 ).Yahoo Scholar
17 Nicholles , An effective. , A commentary of , J. , The newest arraignment off …feminine, that has a paragraph on ‘The fresh incur-baiting of vanity off widows’ ( 1615 )Bing Pupil ; Taylor , J. , The newest Juniper Lectures ( 1639 ).Bing Scholar
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18 MacDonald , R. A great. , ‘The new widow: a continual figure during the Jacobean and you can Caroline comedy’ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, School of the latest Brunswick , 1978 ), step one , 75 , 79 .Bing College student While i pointed out in the ‘The latest reples out of widows whom picked not to wed and you can resisted importunate suitors. Stage widows is actually widely steeped, so as that provider will bring absolutely nothing recommendations of these guessing regarding thinking of your poor widow.
